CARNATIC WARS

1^st CARNATIC WAR:

 

PERIOD: 1746-1748

Between French and (British + Nawab of Arcot)

REASONS:

1.      Colonial competition between French and British.

2.    Austrian war of succession.

COARSE OF WAR:

1.      1746- St.George Fort was surrounded by French.

2.    Arcot nawab helped British @ Chennai –sent huge force under MAFUZ KHAN.

3.    1746 – BATTLE OF ADAYAR- French under Dupleix defeated combined force of Nawab and British.

REASON FOR FAILURE:

       Backward nature of Indian army-strong organized French forces(with modern war tactics and weapons).

TREATY: Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle(1748). (Also ends the Austrian war of succession)

2^nd CARNATIC WAR:

PERIOD: 1749-1754

REASONS:

1.      War of succession in Nizam of Hyderabad and Nawab of Arcot

2.    Dupliex aligned with Muzaffar Jung (H) and Chanda Sahib(A).

COARSE OF WAR:

1.                1751- BATTLE OF AMBUR -French+ally won the Battle

2.               Muzaffar Jung (H) became Nizam and Chanda Sahib(A) became Nawab.

3.               Anwaruddin(A) and Nasir Jang(H) were killed.

4.               French got Pondicherry and Masulipatnam + Jagir.

5.               1752- ROBERT CLIVE entered India.

6.               Arcot was recaptured by Clive - British won the (French + Ally).

7.               Chanda Sahib killed.

8.               Recall of Dupleix.

TREATY: Treaty of PONDICHERRY(1754).

3^rd CARNATIC WAR:

PERIOD: 1758-1763

Between French (Count de lally) and British (Sir Eyre Coote)

REASONS:  due to seven years war in Europe( B Vs F).

COARSE OF WAR:

1.      lally captured Fort St.David.

2.    Initially british defeated by French.

3.    @ Battle of Wandiwash(1760)-British defeated French.

4.    1761-Pondicherry captured by British.

5.     British demolished French monuments and Ethnic cleansing done.

TREATY: Treaty of Paris(1763). (Also ends the French domination in India).

Reasons for decline of French:

• EEIC was a pvt. Organization British crown didn’t interfere into the affairs often.
• Leaders like eyre coote and Robert Clive were absent in French army.
• English were strong in NAVY but French used outdated naval equipment.

Importance of Carnatic war:

1.      South India dominated by English Politically and Economically.

2.    English availed the port facilities of Eastern coast.

3.    In Europe, English became political mistress.