Eukaryotic Cell
|
Prokaryotic Cell
|
|
Nucleus:
|
Present
|
Absent
|
Number of chromosomes:
|
More than
one
|
One--but
not true chromosome: Plasmids
|
Cell Type:
|
Usually
multicellular
|
Usually
unicellular (some cyanobacteria may be multicellular)
|
True Membrane bound Nucleus:
|
Present
|
Absent
|
Example:
|
Animals
and Plants
|
Bacteria
and Archaea
|
Genetic Recombination:
|
Meiosis
and fusion of gametes
|
Partial, undirectional
transfers DNA
|
Lysosomes and peroxisomes:
|
Present
|
Absent
|
Microtubules:
|
Present
|
Absent or
rare
|
Endoplasmic reticulum:
|
Present
|
Absent
|
Mitochondria:
|
Present
|
Absent
|
Cytoskeleton:
|
Present
|
May
be absent
|
DNA wrapping on proteins.:
|
Eukaryotes
wrap their DNA around proteins called histones.
|
Multiple
proteins act together to fold and condense prokaryotic DNA. Folded DNA is
then organized into a variety of conformations that are supercoiled and wound
around tetramers of the HU protein.
|
Ribosomes:
|
larger
|
smaller
|
Golgi apparatus:
|
Present
|
Absent
|
Chloroplasts:
|
Present
(in plants)
|
Absent;
chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm
|
Flagella:
|
Microscopic
in size; membrane bound; usually arranged as nine doublets surrounding two
singlets
|
Submicroscopic
in size, composed of only one fiber
|
Permeability of Nuclear Membrane:
|
Selective
|
not
present
|
Plasma membrane with steroid:
|
Yes
|
Usually no
|
Cell wall:
|
Only
in plant cells and fungi (chemically simpler)
|
Usually
chemically complexed
|
Cell size:
|
10-100um
|
1-10um
|
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