The
Constitution, in its current form (September 2012), consists of a preamble, 25 parts containing 463 articles, 12 schedules, 2 appendices and 97
amendments to date (latest being related to co-operative societies added in
part IX(B) in 2012). Although it is federal in nature it also has a strong
unitary bias.
Parts
The
individual Articles of the Constitution are grouped together into the following
Parts:
1.
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1 -
4
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2.
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Part II
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5 -
11
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3.
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12 -
35
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4.
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Part IV
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36 -
51
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5.
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Part IVA
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51 A
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6.
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Part V
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The Union.
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52 -
151
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7.
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Part VI
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The
States.
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152 - 237
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8.
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Part VII
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States in
the B part of the First schedule(Repealed).
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238
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9.
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Part VIII
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The Union
Territories
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239 - 242
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10.
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Part IX
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The
Panchayats.
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243 – 243O
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11.
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Part IXA
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The
Municipalities.
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243P-24ZG3
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12.
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The
Cooperative Societies
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13.
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The
scheduled and Tribal Areas
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244 – 244A
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14.
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Relations
between the Union and the States.
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245 - 263
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15.
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264 – 300A
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16.
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Trade and
Commerce within the territory of India
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301 - 307
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17.
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Services
Under the Union, the States.
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308 - 323
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18.
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Part XIVA
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Tribunals.
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323A-323B
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19.
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Elections
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324 – 329A
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20.
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Special
Provisions Relating to certain Classes.
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330 - 342
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21.
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Languages
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343 - 351
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22.
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Emergency
Provisions
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352 - 360
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23.
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Miscellaneous
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361 - 367
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24.
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Amendment
of the Constitution
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368 -
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25.
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Temporary,
Transitional and Special Provisions
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369 - 392
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26.
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Short
title, date of commencement,
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393 – 395
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Schedules
Schedules
are lists in the Constitution that categorize and tabulate bureaucratic
activity and policy of the Government.
First Schedule
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·
(Articles 1 and 4)
·
This lists (names) the states and territories of India,
·
lists any changes to their borders and the laws used to make that
change.
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Second Schedule
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·
(Articles 59, 65, 75, 97, 125, 148, 158, 164, 186 ,221)
·
This lists the salaries of officials holding public office, judges,
and Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
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Third Schedule
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·
(Articles 75, 99, 124, 148, 164, 188 and 219)
·
Forms of Oaths – This lists the oaths of offices for elected officials
and judges.
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Fourth Schedule
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·
(Articles 4 and 80)
·
This details the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of Parliament) per State or
Union Territory.
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Fifth Schedule
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·
(Article 244)
·
This provides for the administration and control of Scheduled Areas
and Scheduled
Tribes (areas
and tribes needing special protection due to disadvantageous conditions).
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Sixth Schedule
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·
(Articles 244 and 275)
·
Provisions for the administration of tribal areas in Assam, Meghalaya,
Tripura, and Mizoram.
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Seventh Schedule
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·
(Article 246)
·
Division of powers between center and state
·
The union (central government), state, and concurrent lists of
responsibilities.
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Eighth Schedule
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·
(Articles 344 and 351)
·
The official languages. Recognised are 22
·
Recognised languages at the time of 1950 are 14
Assame, Bengali, Oriya, Telugu, Tamil, Kannada,
Malayalam, Marathi, Gujarathi, Punjabi (Gurumukhi),
Kashmiri, Urdu, Hindi, Sanskrit.
·
1967 – 21st Amendment Sindh was
added as 15th language . A
non-regional language.
·
1992 - 71 st Amendment
Konkani (Goa), Manipuri (Manipur),
Nepali (Darjeeling dist of WB), are added.
·
2003 – 92nd Amendment
Dongri (J&K), Santhali (Jharkhand),
Maithili (Bihar), Bodo (Assam) are added.
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Ninth Schedule
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v
This
schedule was addedby 1st Amendment in 1951 to protect the
laws included in it from judicial scrutiny on the grounds of violation of
Fundamental rights.
·
Land
reform laws made by various states and special laws made by TN , AP, Kar.
·
Acts and Regulations in this schedule at
present are 284 (originally 13)
·
In a landmark judgement in 2007, the Supreme Court of India held in
I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu and others that laws included in the 9th
schedule can be subject to judicial review if they voilated the fundamental
rights guaranteed under Article 14, 15, 19, 21 or the basic structure of the
Constitutuion.
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Tenth Schedule
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(Articles 102
and 191)
·
"Anti-defection" provisions for Members of Parliament and
Members of the State Legislatures.
·
This schedule was added by 52nd amendment act of 1985.
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Eleventh Schedule
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(Article
243-G)
Panchayat
Raj (rural
local government)
·
This schedule was added by 73rd amendment act of 1992
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Specifies the powers, authority and responsibilities of panchayats
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It has 29 matters
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Twelfth Schedule
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(Article 243-W)
Municipalities (urban local government).
·
This schedule was added by 74th amendment act of 1992
·
Specifies the powers, authority and responsibilities of municipalities
·
It has 19 matters
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