MAHATMA GANDHI --- AN OVERVIEW !!!

CHRONOLOGIAL OVERVIEW:

1893-1914

Proceeded to Natal in South Africa as a lawyers of a firm in Porbanar

1914

Awarded Kaisar-i-Hind gold medal for raising an India amblance unit during the second Boer War and the First World War

1915

January - Returns to India from South Africa.

May - Foundation of the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmedabad.

1917-18

Launched Satyagrahas in Champaran(North Bihar), Kaira(Gujarat).

1919

Launches anti-Rowlatt(Seditious Activities Act) Satyagraha.

April 6, a nation wide strike against the Act.

April 13, JallianwalaBagh Massacre.

Gandhi returns Kaisar-i-Hind gold medal to protest against the massacre.

1919

November Gandhi supports the Khilafat demand.

The All-India Khilafat Conference elected Gandhi as its President.

1922

February 1, Gandhi announces intention of calling for mass civil disobedience at Bardoli(Gujarat).

February 5, outbreak of violence at ChauriChaura in the United Provinces.Working Committee at Bardoli call off plans for the Civil Disobedience.

1924

December 26-27, Belgaum session of the Congress- for the first and the last time Gandhi elected President of the Congress.

1928

February Successful Satyagraha campaign against land-tax increase in Bardoli subdivision of Gujarat. Approved of the Nehru Report at.

1929

December The Lahore session of the Congress passes the PoornaSwarajya Resolution. Gandhi drafts the PoornaSwarajya pledge to be taken by people all-over India on January 26,1930.

1930

March 12- April6 Gandhi leads 78 of his select disciples from the Sabarmati Ashram to the sea-Coast at Dandi in Gujarat to break the salt laws.

1932

The British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald announces the infamous Communal Award granting separate electorate to the Depressed Classes(August 17); Gandhi launches fast unto death against the Communal Award in the prison(September 20);Gandhi gives up fast after the Poona Pact(September 25) and starts on All-India Anti-UntouchabilityLeauge (later on known as the HarijanSewakSangh).

1933

Ganhi starts the weekly Harijan Encourages the Temple Entry Bill in the Central Legislature.

1934-39

Gandhi retires from active politics and severs his formal links with the Congress to devote all his energies to the cause foHarijians .

Sets up Sevagram (Wardha Ashram) and undertakes the longest nation-wide tour known as HarijianYatra.

1939

Gandhi resumes active politics in the wake of the Second World War and opposes the candidature of subhash Chandra Bose as the President of the Congress at the Tripuri session (March 10-12, 1939).

1940

Gandhi launches the Individual Satyagraha.

1942

Cripps Mission visits India and announces the Draft Proposals.

The Congress rejects the Cripps Proposals, Gandhi calls the Proposals as “the post-dated cheque on a falling Bank.

April 19, Gandhi suggests the immediate withdrawal of the British from India and wrote in the Harijan(May 24).

We are fixed ain determination that British rule in any shape or form must end.

July 14, the Congress Working Committee at Wardha passes the Quit India Resolution.

August 8, the AICC, which met in Bombay, ratified the historic Quit India Resolution, followed by Gandhi’s memorable utterance, Iam not going to be satisfied with anything short of complete freedom We shall do or die, We shall either free India or die in attempt.

1942

(August 9)-1944(May) Gandhi kept in detention at the Aga Khan Palace, near Pune;Gandhi lost his life-long companion Kasturba(February 22, 1944) this was Gandhi’s last prison term.

1946

Deeply distressed by the orgyof communal violence, as a result Muslim League’s Direct Action call, Gandhi travelled to Noakhali (East Bengal- now Bangladesh) and later on to Calcutta to restore communal peace.

1947

Gandhi observes complete silence on the dawn of India’s Independence (August 15, 1947) Gandhi returns back to Delhi(September).

1948

Gandhi beigns the last fast of his life in Delhi on January 13, to restore communal peace.